Basal Cell Carcinoma: Causes, Signs, and What You Need to Know
When you think of skin cancer, you might picture something dark and raised—but basal cell carcinoma, the most common form of skin cancer, often starts as a small, shiny bump or a flat, scaly patch that won’t heal. Also known as BCC, it grows slowly and rarely spreads, but left untreated, it can dig deep into skin, cartilage, or bone. Unlike melanoma, it’s not usually deadly, but it’s still dangerous if ignored. Over 4 million cases are diagnosed in the U.S. every year, and most happen on areas hit hardest by the sun—face, ears, neck, and scalp.
Sun damage, the top cause of basal cell carcinoma, builds up over time, even from daily exposure like walking to your car or sitting near a window. Also known as UV radiation damage, it mutates the DNA in skin cells at the base of the epidermis—the layer where basal cells live. These cells normally renew skin, but when damaged, they grow out of control. People with fair skin, light eyes, or a history of sunburns are at higher risk, but anyone can get it—even those who never tan. You don’t need to burn to be at risk. Chronic, low-level exposure adds up. And while it’s rare, some cases link to radiation therapy, scars, or even genetic conditions like Gorlin syndrome.
What does it look like? It might be a pearly bump that bleeds easily, a red patch that itches, or a sore that scabs over and never fully closes. Sometimes it’s mistaken for a pimple, eczema, or a scar. That’s why checking your skin monthly matters. If something changes—grows, bleeds, or doesn’t heal in 4 weeks—see a dermatologist. Early removal has a 99% cure rate. The most common treatments include surgical scraping, freezing, or excision, but newer topical creams and light therapies are also effective for early cases.
What you won’t find in most guides: dermatology, the medical field focused on skin health, plays a critical role in catching basal cell carcinoma before it becomes a bigger problem. Also known as skin cancer screening, routine checkups aren’t just for high-risk people. If you’ve had one BCC, you’re 40% more likely to get another within five years. That’s why follow-up visits matter as much as the first treatment. Prevention isn’t just about sunscreen—it’s about habits. Wear a hat. Seek shade. Skip tanning beds. And don’t wait for a warning sign to act.
The posts below cover real-world insights from people who’ve dealt with skin cancer, from spotting early signs to understanding treatment options, side effects, and how to protect your skin long-term. You’ll find practical advice on what to ask your doctor, how to monitor changes, and why early detection isn’t just a slogan—it’s your best defense.
